Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac user v\u00e0 group trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111i k\u00e8m .<\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

1) Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Users<\/font><\/strong><\/h2>\n

\n
• Tr\u00ean Linux c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i user :\n
  \n
  • User h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/li>\n
  • User ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
  • User h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong> : d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c module , script c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh .<\/li>\n
  • User ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong> : l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 login s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh .<\/li>\n
  • Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00ec t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n user root<\/code> ( super user<\/strong><\/em> ) l\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t :\n
    \n
    • T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Linux .<\/li>\n
    • T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf .<\/li>\n
    • User root<\/code> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 super user<\/strong><\/em> v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 full quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng .<\/li>\n
    • Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi user root<\/code> khi mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng , trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c , ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi user th\u01b0\u1eddng .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • M\u1ed7i user th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 sau :\n
      \n
      • T\u00ean t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n user l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t , c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean ch\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng , ch\u1eef hoa<\/em> .<\/li>\n
      • M\u1ed7i user c\u00f3 1 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t ( uid<\/strong> ) .<\/li>\n
      • M\u1ed7i user c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u group .<\/li>\n
      • T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n super user<\/strong><\/em> c\u00f3 uid<\/strong>=gid<\/strong>=0<\/code> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        1.1) File \/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n

        \n
        • L\u00e0 file v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n user tr\u00ean m\u00e1y .<\/li>\n
        • M\u1ecdi user \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tin n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 user root<\/code> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i .<\/li>\n
        • \u0110\u1ec3 xem n\u1ed9i dung file ta d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh :<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          cat \/etc\/passwd<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
           C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac file g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng , m\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 1 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a user . D\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp tin m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng tin cho user\u00a0root<\/code>\u00a0( c\u00f3\u00a0uid<\/strong>=0<\/code>\u00a0) , ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng , cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng . M\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh\u00a07<\/code>\u00a0c\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhau b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u\u00a0:<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t trong file :<\/p>\n
          \n
          1<\/code> – T\u00ean user ( login name<\/strong><\/em> )<\/li>\n
          2<\/code> – M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u group \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ( v\u00ec c\u00f3 file \/etc\/shadow<\/code> ) n\u00ean m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 x<\/code><\/li>\n
          3<\/code> – User ID ( uid<\/strong><\/em> )<\/li>\n
          4<\/code> – Group ID ( gid<\/strong><\/em> )<\/li>\n
          5<\/code> – T\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ( comment<\/strong><\/em> )<\/li>\n
          6<\/code> – Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home c\u1ee7a user ( th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \/home\/user_name<\/code> )<\/li>\n
          7<\/code> – Lo\u1ea1i shell s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi user login , th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \/bin\/bash<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          1.2) File \/etc\/shadow<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 t\u1eadp tin v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n user l\u01b0u tr\u00ean m\u00e1y .<\/li>\n
          Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 user root<\/code> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tin n\u00e0y .<\/li>\n
          User root<\/code> c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n reset m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 user n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u00e1y .<\/li>\n
          M\u1ed7i d\u00f2ng trong t\u1eadp tin ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a user , \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9t , gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb , d\u1ea5u :<\/code> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t :<\/p>\n
          \n
          1<\/code> – T\u00ean user , gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi trong \/etc\/passwd<\/code> ( login name<\/strong><\/em> )<\/li>\n
          2<\/code> – M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a\n
          \n
          \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1ng ( empty<\/em> ) – kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<\/li>\n
          *<\/code> – t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n b\u1ecb t\u1ea1m ng\u01b0ng ( disable<\/em> )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          3<\/code> – S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ( t\u00ednh t\u1eeb 1\/1\/1970<\/code> )<\/li>\n
          4<\/code> – S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u . Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 0<\/code> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o .<\/li>\n
          5<\/code> – S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb . 99999<\/code> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n .<\/li>\n
          6<\/code> – S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o user tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n<\/li>\n
          7<\/code> – S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y sau khi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a . Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 7<\/code> ( 1 tu\u1ea7n )<\/li>\n
          8<\/code> – S\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a ( t\u00ednh t\u1eeb 1\/1\/1970<\/code> )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          1.3) C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd user<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          1.3.1) useradd<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n user .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          useradd [options] [login_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
          Options :<\/strong>\n
          \n
          -c<\/code> : comment<\/strong><\/em> : t\u1ea1o b\u00ed danh<\/li>\n
          -u<\/code> : set user ID<\/strong><\/em> : m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 ID ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn cho user ( b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 1000<\/code> )<\/li>\n
          -d<\/code> : ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home cho user<\/li>\n
          -g<\/code> : ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh group ch\u00ednh<\/li>\n
          -G<\/code> : ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh group ph\u1ee5 ( group m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng )<\/li>\n
          -s<\/code> : ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh shell cho user s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          VD1 :<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ea1o user v\u1edbi t\u00ean\u00a0Will<\/code>\u00a0v\u00e0 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0\u00a0Will Smiths<\/code>\u00a0: <\/pre>\n
          useradd -c \"Will Smiths\" will<\/code><\/pre>\n
          => User \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o s\u1ebd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 group\u00a0will<\/code>\u00a0v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home c\u1ee7a user l\u00e0\u00a0\/home\/will<\/code>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng .<\/p>\n
          VD2 :<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ea1o user v\u1edbi t\u00ean\u00a0justice<\/code>\u00a0v\u00e0 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0\u00a0Justice Smiths<\/code>\u00a0, user thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m users v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m\u00a0wheel<\/code>\u00a0,\u00a0sales<\/code>\u00a0:<\/pre>\n
          useradd -g users -G wheel,sales -c \"Justice Smiths\" justice<\/code><\/pre>\n
          1.3.2) passwd<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eb7t \/ \u0111\u1ed5i password cho user<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          passwd [login_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          1.3.3) usermod<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh s\u1eeda th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          usermod [options] [login_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
           Options :<\/strong>\n
          \n
          -c<\/code>\u00a0:\u00a0comment<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0: t\u1ea1o b\u00ed danh<\/li>\n
          -d<\/code>\u00a0: thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home cho user<\/li>\n
          -m<\/code>\u00a0: di chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i dung t\u1eeb th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home c\u0169 sang th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home m\u1edbi ( ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi\u00a0-d<\/code>\u00a0)<\/li>\n
          -g<\/code>\u00a0: ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh group ch\u00ednh<\/li>\n
          -G<\/code>\u00a0: ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh group ph\u1ee5 ( group m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng )<\/li>\n
          -s<\/code>\u00a0: ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh shell cho user s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n
          -l<\/code>\u00a0: \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n<\/li>\n
          -L<\/code>\u00a0: kh\u00f3a t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          VD :<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed5i t\u00ean t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n will<\/code> th\u00e0nh jaden<\/code> ( Jaden Smiths<\/code> ) v\u1edbi th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home c\u1ee7a user l\u00e0 \/home\/jaden<\/code><\/pre>\n
          usermod -l jaden -c \"Jaden Smiths\" -m -d \/home\/jaden will<\/code><\/pre>\n
          1.3.4) userdel<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh x\u00f3a t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n user<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          userdel [options] [login_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
          Options :<\/strong>\n
          \n
          -r<\/code> : x\u00f3a c\u1ea3 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home c\u1ee7a user<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n
          Khi x\u00f3a t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n user b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh userdel<\/code> , d\u00f2ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a user trong t\u1eadp tin \/etc\/passwd<\/code> v\u00e0 \/etc\/shadow<\/code> c\u0169ng b\u1ecb x\u00f3a .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          1.3.5) chage<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ( policy<\/strong><\/em> ) cho user<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          chage [options] [login_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
          Options :<\/strong>\n
          \n
          -l<\/code>\u00a0: xem ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a 1 user<\/li>\n
          -E<\/code>\u00a0: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n cho account<\/li>\n
          -I<\/code>\u00a0: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a sau khi h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ( \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng l\u00e0\u00a0YYYY-MM-DD<\/code>\u00a0)<\/li>\n
          -m<\/code>\u00a0: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i password<\/li>\n
          -M<\/code>\u00a0: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p thay \u0111\u1ed5i password<\/li>\n
          -W<\/code>\u00a0: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          VD1:<\/strong>\u00a0Xem policy c\u1ee7a user : <\/pre>\n
          chage -l jaden<\/code><\/pre>\n
           VD2:<\/strong>\u00a0Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp policy c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n : <\/pre>\n
          chage -E 2019-08-30 -m 5 -M 90 -I 30 -W 14 jaden<\/code><\/pre>\n
           => L\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y\u00a030\/4\/2019<\/code>\u00a0. Ngo\u00e0i ra , s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \/ t\u1ed1i \u0111a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u trong kho\u1ea3ng\u00a05<\/code>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a090<\/code>\u00a0. C\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a sau\u00a030<\/code>\u00a0ng\u00e0y sau khi h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n , v\u00e0 1 tin nh\u1eafn c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi ra\u00a014<\/code>\u00a0ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u . <\/p>\n
           VD3:<\/strong> Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eaft ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u : <\/pre>\n
          chage -I -1 -m 0 -M 99999 -E -1 jaden<\/code><\/pre>\n
           => L\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean s\u1ebd set “Password inactive<\/code>” ->\u00a0never<\/code>\u00a0( kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ) ( th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1\u00a0-1<\/code>\u00a0); s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \/ t\u1ed1i \u0111a gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n (\u00a00<\/code>\u00a0->\u00a099999<\/code>\u00a0) ; T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n ( “Account expires<\/code>” ->\u00a0never<\/code>\u00a0) ( th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1\u00a0-1<\/code>\u00a0) =>\u00a0\u0110\u00c2Y L\u00c0 THI\u1ebeT L\u1eacP M\u1eb6C \u0110\u1ecaNH<\/strong><\/p>\n
          VD4:<\/strong>\u00a0Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c user \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u trong l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp : <\/pre>\n
          chage -d 0 jaden<\/code><\/pre>\n
           => L\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean s\u1ebd thi\u1ebft set “Last Password Change<\/code>” th\u00e0nh “Password must be changed<\/code>” v\u00e0 user b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u ngay l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp . <\/p>\n
          1.3.6) id<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          Xem th\u00f4ng tin user hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          1.3.7) su<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i user l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb terminal .<\/li>\n
          User root<\/code> chuy\u1ec3n qua c\u00e1c user kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u .<\/li>\n
          User kh\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n qua user root<\/code> th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp password c\u1ee7a user root<\/code> .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          su -l [login_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          2) Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Group<\/font><\/strong><\/h2>\n
          \n
          Group l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u user .<\/li>\n
          M\u1ed7i group c\u00f3 1 t\u00ean duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 1 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t ( gid<\/strong><\/em> ) .<\/li>\n
          Khi t\u1ea1o ra 1 user ( kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng option -g<\/code> ) th\u00ec m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh 1 group mang t\u00ean user \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          2.1) File \/etc\/group<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 t\u1eadp tin v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c group tr\u00ean m\u00e1y .<\/li>\n
          M\u1ecdi user \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tin n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 user root<\/code> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i .<\/li>\n
          M\u1ed7i d\u00f2ng t\u1eadp tin ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 1 group tr\u00ean m\u00e1y , \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb , d\u1ea5u :<\/code> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n
           \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t :\n
          \n
          1<\/code>\u00a0– T\u00ean group<\/li>\n
          2<\/code>\u00a0– M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u group \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a ( v\u00ec c\u00f3 file\u00a0\/etc\/gshadow<\/code>\u00a0) n\u00ean m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0\u00a0x<\/code><\/li>\n
          3<\/code>\u00a0– M\u00e3 nh\u00f3m (\u00a0gid<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0)<\/li>\n
          4<\/code>\u00a0– Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c user n\u1eb1m trong nh\u00f3m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          2.2) File \/etc\/gshadow<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          Ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin password c\u1ee7a group .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n
           \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t :\n
          \n
          1<\/code>\u00a0– T\u00ean group<\/li>\n
          2<\/code>\u00a0– M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u group \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n
          \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1ng (\u00a0empty<\/em>\u00a0) – kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<\/li>\n
          3<\/code>\u00a0– Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c user c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n admin tr\u00ean group n\u00e0y<\/li>\n
          4<\/code>\u00a0– Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c user c\u00f3 trong group<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          2.3) C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd group<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          2.3.1) groupadd<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1o group .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          groupadd [options] [group_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
           Options :<\/strong>\n
          \n
          -g [gid]<\/code>\u00a0: \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u00f3m c\u00f9ng m\u00e3 nh\u00f3m (\u00a0gid<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0) -g [gid]<\/code>\u00a0: \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u00f3m c\u00f9ng m\u00e3 nh\u00f3m (\u00a0gid<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          2.3.2) gpasswd<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          T\u1ea1o m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u cho group .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          gpasswd [group_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          2.3.3) groupmod<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          L\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh s\u1eeda th\u00f4ng tin group .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          groupmod [options] [group_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \n
           Options :<\/strong>\n
          \n
          -g [gid]<\/code>\u00a0: s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i m\u00e3 nh\u00f3m (\u00a0gid<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0)<\/li>\n
          -n [group_name]<\/code>\u00a0: s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i t\u00ean group<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          2.3.4) groupdel<\/code><\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \n
          D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a 1 group .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          groupdel [group_name]<\/code><\/pre>\n
          Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/font><\/strong><\/h2>\n
          \n
          Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh useradd<\/code> ho\u1eb7c groupadd<\/code> , n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y theo gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a .<\/li>\n
          Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c file sau :\n
          \n
          \/etc\/login.defs<\/code> : file ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi t\u1ea1o user ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o group .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n
          \/etc\/skel\/<\/code>\u00a0: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng file v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c con trong n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c copy sang th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c home c\u1ee7a user m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o . <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
          Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac user v\u00e0 group trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111i k\u00e8m . 1) Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Users Tr\u00ean Linux c\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i user : User h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng User ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng User h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng : d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":147455,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[275],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147454"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147454"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147454\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/147455"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147454"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147454"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/onet.com.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147454"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}